الفهرس 
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Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) of childhood is characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia (platelet count <100,000/micro L with normal white blood cell count and hemoglobin). The cause of ITP remains unknown in most cases, although it can be triggered by a viral or environmental trigger, or it may be secondary to an underlying immunologic defect. ITP was previously known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura or immune thrombocytopenic purpura. The anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory activity of NS was recently reviewed in asthma. NS extracts and/or its active constituents (including TQ, nigellone, and alpha-hederin) showed anti-histaminic, antieosinophilic, anti-leukotrienes, anti-immunoglobulin and reduced proinflammatory cytokines (interleukins-2, 4, 5, 6, 12, and 13) in in vitro/in vivo models. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the possible immunological effects of Nigella Sativa in Children with ITP. This prospective study included 30 children with ITP confirmed by Blood analysis then equally divided into: group I: 15 children with acute ITP are given Nigella Sativa 2 mg/day for 1 month (7 of them are taking Revolade and another 8 are taking Steroids) and group II: 15 children with chronic ITP are given Nigella Sativa 2 mg/day for 1 month (11 of them are taking Revolade and another 4 are taking Steroids) All patients are subjected laboratory investigation including: CBC, RBC, Hb, Hematocrit, Platelets (Thrombocytes) count and WBCs. Summary of Our results: • The mean of MCHC 32.83 pre-treatment and 31.6 post treatment, the mean PLT is 39.93 pre-treatment and 275.3 post-treatment. • The mean of CD25 1.38 pre-treatment and 0.93 post treatment, the mean Treg is 4.09 pre-treatment and 3.15 post-treatment. • The mean of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, PLT, MPV and PDW are 4.4, 10.8, 32.4, 39.9, 10.9 and 11.52 respectively for Acute ITP group, the mean of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, PLT, MPV and PDW are 4.8, 11.9, 36.5, 28.8, 11.19 and 8.5 respectively for chronic ITP group. • Immune analysis between Acute ITP and chronic ITP pre-treatment, the data show statistically significant for CD25. The mean CD25 2.32 for Acute ITP group and 1.38 for chronic ITP group. • Blood analysis between Acute ITP and chronic ITP post-treatment showed statistically significant for parameters Red Blood Cells, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, MPV and PDW. The mean Red Blood Cells, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, MPV and PDW are 4.3, 10.4, 33.2, 10.7 and 14.4, respectively for Acute ITP group, the mean Red Blood Cells, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, MPV and PDW are 4.7, 11.65, 36.51, 9.64 and 10.8, respectively. • The mean of CD4+ 25.84 for Acute ITP group and 32.6 for chronic ITP group. • There was a statistically significant for two parameter MCHC and PLT. The mean MCHC 31.2, 28.2 respectively for Acute ITP group, the mean PLT is 289.1, 241.1 respectively for chronic ITP group, in case of immune analysis is show statistically significant for two parameter CD25 and Treg.