الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract The primary management of early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma is radiotherapy and for advanced stage disease concomitant chemoradiation. In recent years, with the application of intensity modulated radiotherapy, the local tumor control rate has improved. There are, however, still a number of patients who have residual disease or develop recurrent tumor after initial therapy. The complications associated with further external radiotherapy in the management of these patients are significant. The logical alternative for the management of these residual or recurrent tumors is surgery |