الفهرس 
A wideband spectrum sensing for cognitive radio applications
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Abstract
In this thesis, a survey of spectrum occupancy for the cognitive radio applications using a proposed wideband spectrum sensor is presented. The proposed sensor designed and performed in the frequency range between 1.1 GHz to 3 GHz, involves of a wideband microstrip rectangular batch antenna, an wideband RF front end and spectrum analyzer device for frequency measurements, analysis of the detected signals and to investigate the spectrum occupancy in the ultra-high frequencies (UHF) range. Many spectrum sensing measurements have been carried out to estimate the spectrum occupancy in UHF band. The spectrum utilization results agree with other studies results that Done before, They all agree that spectrum is under-utilized at their respective locations in spite of the total available radio spectrum is considered a limited resource needed for more efficient use. The proposed sensor achieved its goal, detects signals with power levels down than-100 dBm in very small time with larger bandwidth resolution