الفهرس 
Efficacy of mirror therapy on complex regional pain syndrome after hand surgeries
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Abstract
Background: Complex regional pain syndrome is a disabling pain condition with sensory, motor and autonomic manifestations. Mirror visual feedback therapy aims to restore normal cortical organization and is applied in the treatment of chronic pain conditions. Purpose: This review gives an overview regarding the effectiveness of mirror therapy on complex regional pain after hand surgeries. Methods: Five studies were identified and reviewed: three randomized controlled trials focused on the effect of graded motor imagery on complex regional pain syndrome, two cases report focused on mirror therapy in patients with causalgia, and a small open-label case series focused on virtual reality mirror visual feedback therapy and its application for the treatment of complex regional pain syndrome. The participants with complex regional pain syndrome aged from 25-75 years. Results: There was a significant difference in the pain intensity on VAS and NPS and in the functional level on NRS post treatment between groups. Conclusion: The present review showed a trend that mirror therapy is effective in upper limb treatment of patients with CRPS.