الفهرس 
Evaluation of teratogenicity of anti-gout drug (Zyloric) on development of fetuses of albino rats during pregnancy
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Abstract
Teratogens are factors that can alter normal development of fetal growth, anatomic structures, physical functioning, and postnatal development. This definition encompasses environmental exposures, maternal medical disorders, infectious agents, and genetic conditions. Most discussions of teratogens usually center on drug exposures. In determining whether a drug is a teratogen, Allopurinol is a purine analogue that inhibits xanthine oxidase. It is mainly used for the treatment of hyperuricemia in patients with gout. The present study aimed to evaluate the teratogenic effects of the Zyloric (allopurinol) is daily oral administered to the pregnant albino rats. The pregnant animals treated during the gestational period (5th {u2013} 19th day of gestation) with doses 15 mg/kg (B) and 45 mg/Kg (C). On the 20th day of gestation, the animals were sacrificed and the numbers of implantation sites, resorbed and live fetuses were counted. The placental weight, fetal weight, length and tail length were recorded. The external morphology and skeletal malformations, histological studies of placenta, brain, liver and kidney of mother and fetus were evaluated. Results showed significant reduction in placental weight of pregnant rats treated with Zyloric. Treated group (B) showed incidence of pregnancy loss. Fetal growth retardation during gestational period was recorded in both treated groups also some skeletal anomalies were observed these abnormalities included weak ossification of the skull bones roof and bones formed girdles and limbs. Histopathological studies of fetuses during gestation revealed changes in liver histology such as presences of clumping of the hepatocytes with hyperchromatic nuclei and kidney tissue revealed numbers of mitotic activity in the nuclei of the tubular lining epithelium, coagulative necrosis in the lining tubular epithelium of the proximal convoluted tubules at the cortex and the cerebrum showed ill developed wall of the blood vessels also the matrix of striatum in cerebrum showed vacuolization and neuronal cells showed degeneration with lose of the cytoplasmic granules. Our findings suggest the need for great caution to handle Zyloric especially during pregnancy