الفهرس 
Effect of losartan, nitro-oleic acid and resveratrol on nephropathy in diabetic male rats; possible modulation of parathyroid hormone-related protein
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes-related complications represent one of the most important health problems worldwide. Approximately one-third of all diabetic patients are affected by diabetic nephropathy (DN), which produces significant social and economic burdens and constitutes the most frequent cause of end-stage renal disease. Interestingly, the upregulation of para thyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP) in the damaged kidney seemed to be mediated, at least in part, by angiotensin II. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the possible effect of losartan, nitro-oleic acid (OA-NO2) and resveratrol on PTHrP, known to be elevated, in diabetic rats, and if they have any preventive or therapeutic value on DN through tempering of PTHrP overexpression. Methods: Sixty four male albino rats were divided into control (GpI); DN (GpII), pre-DN losartan (10 mg/kg/d), OA-NO2 (5 mg/kg/d), and resveratrol (1 mg/kg/d), for 8 weeks (GpIII a; b; c respectively), and post- DN losartan (10 mg/kg/d), OA-NO2 (5 mg/kg/d) and resveratrol (10mg/kg/d) for 2 weeks (GpIѪ a; b; c respectively). At the end of the study, systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum fasting glucose level, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urea, urinary albumin excretion (UAE), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-Ü, tansforming growth factor (TGF)-Ý, super oxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin 6 (IL6), serum angiotensin level and renal PTHrP gene expression were measured