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Abstract
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an acute to chronic, highly infectious, generalized skin disease of cattle. The disease considered to be the most serious disease of cattle caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) type (Neethling strain) similar to that causing sheep pox and goat pox, and is transmitted mostly by biting insects. It considered a ’’List A’’ disease by the office International des epizooties (OIE) due to it’s potential for rapid spread and ability to cause severe economic losses. The disease affects cattle breeds derived from both Bos taurus and Bos indicus. In the current study, a total number of 77 skin nodules and scabs were collected from clinically diseased cattle showing signs typical to lumpy skin disease for laboratory investigation. A molecular diagnosis of the disease have been done including simple conventional PCR assay on all 77 skin samples using a universal primers, the results indicated that the positive samples (61/77) followed by virus isolation on ECE the results (18/61) were positive. The isolated samples on CAM were confirmed by PCR assay using primers specific for LSD virus (gpcr) gene. One representative positive sample was sequenced and analyzed by a phylogenetic analysis. The result revealed that the virus isolate from diseased cattle in Egypt was identical to LSD strain of turkey and kenyan strain ks-1 than LSD Ismailia/89 strain. A transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on the positive PCR and sequenced sample for further confirmatory diagnosis. After confirmation, the viral isolate was propagated on cell cultures for 20 times on primary lamb heart and kidney cells and for 40 times on MDBK cell line to prepare an attenuated strain of LSDV from local isolates. The safety and sterility of attenuated virus was tested in cattle by 103.5and 105.5 /animal, the results indicated that the attenuated virus is safe and sterile. The results indicated that the virus candidate could be used as a vaccine for cattle rather than sheep pox vaccine