الفهرس 
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Abstract
The hormonal fluctuations that occur throughout the menstrual cycle leads to multiple physiological alterations in all body systems of the females since puberty till the age of menopause, This may affect the perioperative period and impact the postoperative outcome in a negative manner. The menstrual cycle’s ovarian hormonal fluctuations are associated with significant neurohumoral changes that can cause fluctuations in pain perception, and alterations in the cardiovascular system.
We tried to investigate the changes in pain perception, postoperative nausea and vomiting, haemodynamics, and postoperative agitation with ovarian hormones, and norepinephrine levels at different time points along the menstrual cycle. We seek to determine if the menstrual cycle’s phase might affect physiological processes during anesthesia, perioperative management, and outcomes in way that can impose surgeons in the future to schedule elective surgeries in a specific phase of the menstrual cycle.
Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of the menstrual cycle on pain perception, haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy, postoperative agitation, nausea and vomiting in women aged 18 to 35 years undergoing laparoscopic gynaecological procedures.