الفهرس 
Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 114 |  |  |
| | | from | 114 | | |
Abstract
Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease worldwide
and leads to physical, psychosocial and economic consequences. It can be
seen in both genders and at any age, usually with older women (Harvey et
al., 2010).
Ear, which comprises of both the peripheral auditory and vestibular
system, is housed in the temporal bone and consists of several bony
segments. In cases with osteopenia and osteoporosis, changes in bone
density, mass, and damping of the finely tuned motion mechanics of the
middle ear can cause conductive hearing loss. Changes occurring in the
optic capsule and the temporal bone due to demineralization might affect
the inner ear and, therefore, cause sensorineural hearing loss (Sing et al.,
2018). Due to a decrease in calcium concentration in the cupula and macula
of the vestibular labyrinth, balance impairment could be a danger (Lee et
al., 2017). So, this study was conducted to evaluate the auditory and
vestibular function in patients with osteoporosis.
Subjects in the current study were divided into:
Reproductive group: which was subdivided in to
- Control subgroup: Consisted of 34 normal females in the reproductive
period aging [20-50] years old, not complaining of any audiovestibular
symptoms.
- Study subgroup: Consisted of 34 females in reproductive period in the
age group of [20-50] years old, diagnosed as osteoporosis diagnosed by
DEXA scan and classified into osteoporosis and osteopenia according
WHO classification of osteoporosis . Females were included in this
study even with or without audiovestibular symptoms
Summary
75
Postmenopausal group: which was subdivided in to
- Control subgroup: consisted of 34 normal females in the postmenopausal
period aging [40-50] years old, not complaining of any
audiovestibular symptoms
- Study subgroup: consisted of 34 females in the postmenopausal
period in the age group of [40-50] years old, diagnosed as
osteoporosis by DEXA scan and classified into osteoporosis and
osteopenia according WHO classification of osteoporosis.
Osteoporotic females were included in this study even with or without
audiovestibular symptoms. All subjects in the study group were
subjected to the following: full history taking, otoscopic examination,
QUALEFFO41, Office test examination, audiological evaluation
(PTA, DPOAE). Vestibular evaluation (CVEMP, OVEMP, VHIT).
Regarding the hearing function:
PTA results:
There was statistical significant difference between the control and
the study subgroups in the frequency range (500-8000 Hz), with no
significant difference between osteopenia and osteoporosis. In the
postmenopausal group, there was statistical significant difference between
the control and the study sub groups in the frequency range of 500-8000Hz
with significant difference at (4 – 8 KHz) between osteopenia and
osteoporosis.
DPOAE results: most of the reproductive osteoporotic subgroup
had preserved DPOAE and only one osteoporotic case of this group had
absent high frequency DPOAE. In the postmenopausal study subgroup, one
third of the cases had absent high frequency DPOAE with more affection in
the osteoporotic than osteopenic postmenopausal females.
Summary
76
Vestibular evaluation
In the current study, O&CVEMP abnormalities were observed in 39
ears (57.35%) and 35 ears (51.47%) respectively in the reproductive study
subgroup, While in the postmenopausal study subgroup, OVEMP and
CVEMP abnormalities were observed in 43 ears (63.24%) and 38 ears
(55.88 %) respectively.
VHIT results: The current study reported few VHIT abnormalities.
The reproductive study subgroup low gain abnormalities were reported in
the lateral canal in one ear and also the posterior canal in one ear. While the
postmenopausal study subgroup low gain abnormalities were reported in
the lateral canal of 2 ears, the posterior canal in 3 ears and the anterior
canal only in one ear. With no correction saccades were reported in all
reproductive and postmenopausal study subgroups.
from the results of our study, we can conclude that osteoporosis
affect the audiovestibular system wither there is a complaint or not.