الفهرس 
Anatomy of Carpal Tunnel
Carpal Tunnel SyndromeOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is considered the most common peripheral neuropathy of the upper limb. The aetiology of CTS can be related to anatomical variations of the carpal tunnel or increased its contents such as hypertrophied tendons and ligaments, ganglion cysts, tenosynovitis, dislocation of wrist bones, pregnancy, diabetes, thyroid problems, menopause and obesity. Also occupationally related repetitive motion of the wrist and hand is considered an important factor. The diagnosis of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is based on a combination of clinical history, examination findings and frequent use of electrodiagnostics as nerve conduction study and electromyography. However, the clinical findings can be non-specific and electrodiagnostics often do not provide the spatial and anatomical localizing information, especially with small nerves of the extremities. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using standard morphological sequences can be used for assessment of many peripheral nerve disorders; it can reveal morphological changes in CTS patients, such as enlarged median nerve, nerve flattening, increased signal intensity of the nerve, and flexor retinaculum bowing. Although large lesions and denervation changes of the muscles can be detected on conventional MRI, the effect of lesions on the nerve is more obvious on functional imaging. So, our study aimed at assessment of the efficacy of diffusion MRI as a functional imaging in evaluation of median nerve (MN) in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The current study included 20 selected patients diagnosed by nerve conduction tests as Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, their ages ranged from 23 to55 years old with a mean of (40.7±7.7), 75% of them were females and 25% were males. A control group of 10 healthy subjects was included; their age and sex were matching with those of the patients. The right hand was the most frequently affected with CTS in 55% of the patients. All the participants were subjected to thorough data collection, and were examined by MRI including routine sequences (T1WIs, T2WIs, fat suppressed T2WIs, proton density, and STIR) and DWI. ADC value of MN was measured at two levels; the level of DRUJ and the level of pisiform, and compared in the studied 2 groups..