الفهرس 
Relevant anatomy
14 Posterior Talofibular LigamentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The present study was planned to evaluate functional results of arthroscopic assisted lateral ligamentous reconstruction in chronic ankle instability in 20 patients with 20 feet and they were followed for a minimum of 6 months. The average age of the patients was 38 years and 10 months, ranging from 21 to 62 years, 14 of them were males. Inclusion criteria, include patients with chronic lateral ankle instability for more than 6 months, age more than 18 years, follow up at least 6 months postoperatively. Exclusion criteria include history of previous surgery in the ankle joint, patients with congenital deformities or degenerative disorders, patients with peripheral neuropathy or vascular diseases. All were treated by anterior ankle arthroscopy followed by anatomical three layers reconstruction of lateral ligamentous complex. The functional evaluation of the patients was based on evaluating by the AOFAS, KFAS and CAIT. According to the AOFAS Ankle Hindfoot Scale. Table (7), the functional results were graded as excellent in ten patients (50%), good in eight patients (40%), fair in two patients (10%), with no poor results. The excellent and good results were considered as satisfactory ones while the unsatisfactory included the fair results and the poor results. Thus, satisfactory results were found in 18 patients (90%), and unsatisfactory results were found in 2 patients (10%). According to the KFAS score. Table (8), the functional results were graded as excellent in twelve patients (60%), good in seven patients (35%), fair in one patient (5%), with no poor results. The excellent and good results were considered as satisfactory ones while the unsatisfactory included the fair results and the poor results. Thus, satisfactory results were found in 19 patients (95%), and unsatisfactory results were found in one patient (5%). According to the CAIT. Table (10), All patients (100%) were stable at final follow up. Associated pathologies present in all patients (100 %), eighteen patients have had intra articular synovitis (90 %), sixteen patients have had intra articular soft tissue impingement (80 %), ten patients have had intra articular bony impingement (50%)., three patients have had intra articular loose bodies (15%) ten patients have had chondral injury (50%) three patients have had deltoid ligament tear (15%). three patients have had peroneus brevis split tear (15%), four patients have had chronic syndesmotic instability (20%). The presence of chondral lesions and chronic syndesmotic instability has strong relation with the functional results (p < .05). In this study the preoperative score has a predictive value for the result expected as the patients who have lower preoperative score have lower postoperative scores. Return to sport in this study ranged from 2 to 4 month in patients in patients without cartilage injury and 4 to 7 months in patients with cartilage injuries and one patient can’t resume sports activities who was planned for AMIC procedure. Complications found in the present study were just pain and mild swelling mostly in patients with chondral lesions, but no major complications regarding superficial or deep infections, nerve injury or residual ankle instability.