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Abstract
Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic belongs to 4th group of fluoroquinolones. Fluoroquinolones are potent bactericidal agents against E. coli and various species of salmonella, shigella, enterobacter, campylobacter and Neisseeria; it has excellent activity against S. pneumoniae. Gatifloxacin is used in respiratory tract infections, in urinary tract infections and in bone and soft tissue infections. It was reported that the gastrointestinal effects were the most common adverse events for all fluoroquinolones and their derivatives. Therefore, several topical semisolids (creams, ointments, gel and emugel) rectal dosage forms were designed to deliver fluroquinoline and their derivatives. The main objective of this study is to formulate gatifloxacin in therapeutically effective topical formulations. Therefore, the work in this thesis is divided into three chapters. Formulation and Evaluation of Gatifloxacin topical semisolid Dosage Forms. This chapter includes formulation of gatifloxacin with different carrier bases. Gatifloxacin was used at 0.1w/w% in all the following bases. Ointment bases (fatty, absorption, emulsion and water soluble bases). Gel bases: Fg1 - Fg9. Emulgel: FEg1 - FEg8. The physical properties of different formulations were studied. These properties included visual inspection, viscosity, shear rate, shearing stress. All gel and emulgel formulations depicted pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior. The release study of gatifloxacin from different semisolid formulations was carried out in a dissolution medium of 300 ml Sorensen’s phosphate buffer (pH 5.4) at 37 ± 0.5oC in a modified dissolution apparatus II with a paddle speed 50 rpm