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Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is one of the deadliest diseases that has been attributed to smoking as well as other factors i.e. accumulation of DNA damage over the years, aging, environmental and occupational toxic exposures. Many gene polymorphisms have been connected with lung carcinogenesis. Among these genes are the DNA repair genes. Polymorphisms in these DNA repair genes prevent the eukaryotic cell protecting itself by removing abnormal cells or repairing them. Among the important DNA repair genes, is XRCC1 gene. Material and Method: We Collected blood samples from Egyptian patients{u2019} with recently diagnosed primary lung cancer and used real time PCR and RFLP to investigate two polymorphisms of the XRCC1 gene. Additionally, a survey was also filled by the same patients. Finally, we correlated the polymorphism data with the results of the survey. Results: In this strict section of the Egyptian population, there were no significant association between the two polymorphisms and our cases, however, we could demonstrate the protective and risk patterns of both polymorphisms. These patterns could be confirmed by broadening the scale of this research over multiple governorates. Once the risk genotypes are known, these patterns can be used as a prediction tool to screen the susceptible and high risk patients. Thus, we recommend a large scale multi-center screening of early diagnosed primary lung cancer across Egypt