الفهرس 
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Abstract
Although sepsis can affect any individual at any time during her/his
lifetime, it occurs more and be destructive at the extremes of life, the very
old and the very young.
The sepsis is the body’s deadly response to infection. It is a
deleterious infection that increases in severity as it progresses into latter
stages. Once sets in, sepsis can progress to septic shock and death if left
untreated. One third of people who develop sepsis die worldwide. These
deaths occur more frequently in economically developing countries.
Although rigorous studies on the impact of these broadly
encompassing sepsis definitions on clinical outcomes are lacking, there are
some data to support that early recognition and treatment of sepsis can be
life-saving for children in developed and pre-developed countries
American College of Chest Physicians and the Society of Critical Care
Medicine (ACCP/SCCM) convened a consensus conference in 1991 to
define sepsis and sepsis associated syndromes which were later modified on
several times to SIRS with a suspected source of infection is termed sepsis.
Confirmation of infection with positive cultures is therefore not mandatory,
at least in the early stages. Sepsis with one or more end-organ failure is called
severe sepsis and with hemodynamic instability in spite of intravascular
volume repletion is called septic shock. It also identified the entity of
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) as the presence of altered
organ function in acutely ill septic patients such that homeostasis is not
maintainable without intervention.
Sepsis associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common but poorly
understood neurological complication of sepsis. It is characterized by diffuse
brain dysfunction secondary to infection elsewhere in the body without overt CNS infection, some authors stated that 9 -71% of patients with sepsis
develop SAE
In spite of high mortality rate, management of SAE is limited to
treatment of the underlying infection and symptomatic treatment for delirium
and seizures. It is important to be aware of this condition because SAE may
present in early stages of sepsis, even before the diagnostic criteria for sepsis
can be met.