الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The clavicle is an S-shaped bone that serves as the only direct bony attachment of the arm to the trunk. The medial portion of the clavicle has a tubular cross section, resists axial loading, and protects the brachial plexus and other structures in the costoclavicular space. The flat lateral portion provides sites for muscle and ligament attachment. The transition between the two sections is relatively weak and at risk of fracture when the bone is overstressed.Clavicle fractures account for approximately 1 in 20 (5%) of all fractures and 44% of all injuries to the shoulder girdle.The most common mechanism of injury for a clavicle fracture is falling on the tip of the shoulder followed by a direct blow to the front of the shoulder then falling on outstretched hand.The first widely accepted classification system was described by Allman (6) in1967 A more detailed classification system was proposed by Robinson in 1998 (7) The diagnosis of a clavicle fracture is relatively straightforward and it can be made readily from the patient’s history, physical examination and standard anteroposterior X-rays of the clavicle.Most fractures can be effectively treated non-operatively; nonoperative treatment should attempt to reduce motion at the fracture site and consists of relative rest, pain control, and shoulder immobilization with either a sling or figure-of-eight bandage.