الفهرس 
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Abstract
The current study has been conducted to investigate the effect of M. oleifera seeds (Moringa oleifera Lam) and celery seeds (Apium graveolens) on diabetic rats.
Forty-two healthy adult male albino rats of Sprague Dawley strain, 10 weeks age, weighing between 140±10 grams were used in this study. All rats were fed on the basal diet prepared according to the American Institute of Nutrition for one week. After this adaptation period, the rats were divided into seven groups (six rats in each group). The first group was kept as a negative control (-ve) group, while the other rat groups were injected with a single intraperitoneal Alloxan dose (150 mg/kg body weight) to become diabetic; one group of them was kept as a positive control (+ve), while each group from the four diabetic groups was treated with 5 or 10 % concentrations of M.oleifera or celery. The last group was treated with twice treated daily by 250 mg/kg B.Wt. metformin (Cidophage® tablets) orally. Body weight and food quantity were estimated, and the general behavior of the rats was observed weekly throughout the study period.
6.1. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of M.oleifera and celery extracts
1. The content of total phenols in M.oleifera (94.99 mg gallic/g sample) was almost four times in the celery (26.57 mg gallic/g sample), while the total flavonoids had an opposite trend compared with total phenols.
2. The percentage of DPPH in the M.oleifera and celery was 37.11 % and 28.16 %, respectively
3. In comparison between extracts of M.oleifera and celery in their ABTS content, our results showed that the ABTS content was recorded higher value in the M.oleifera (498.12 µM Trolox/g sample) than celery (163.51 µM Trolox/g sample).
4. The value of FRAP antioxidant capacity assay recorded 0.185 and 0.147 µM Trolox/g sample of M.oleifera and celery extracts, respectively.
6.2. Changes of body weight, food intake and feed efficiency ratio of diabetic rats fed diet supplemented with M.oleifera and celery seeds powder:
1. The data showed that the negative control group had higher mean values of BWG, FI, and FER compared to the positive control group, with a significant difference (P≤0.05) which were (10.027 Vs. 5.28 g/day/rat, 18.36Vs. 15.87 g/day and 0.053Vs. 0.011), respectively.
2. In contrast, the lowest mean value of the body weight was recorded for the groups fed on standerd diet and treated by Cidophage with significant differences (P≤0.05).
3. Treatment of the diabetic rats with M.oleifera and Celery (5& 10%); and Cidophage resulted in significant increases (P≤0.05) in the mean values of FER when compared with the negative control group. The highest mean value of FER was recorded for the diabetic group treated with Celery (5%).
6.3. Changes of organs weight in the diabetic rats fed diet supplemented with M.oleifera and celery seeds powder:
1. The liver weight of positive control group recorded the higher value when compared with negative control group with a significant difference. The mean values were 6.18 and 5.38g, respectively.
2. The highest liver weight of treated groups (diabetes groups) was recorded for group (4), which fed on 5% M.oleifera seeds powder group, while the lowest liver weight recorded for Cidophage group, with no significant difference (P≤0.05). The mean values were 5.82 and 5.45g respectively.
3. While, group fed on 5% Celery recorded the highest liver weight when compared with negative control group with a significant difference (P≤0.05). The mean values were 5.610 and 5.380g, respectively.
4. Kidney weight of positive control group recorded the higher value when compared with negative control group with a significant difference (P≤0.05). The mean values were 3.18and 1.63g, respectively.
5. group fed on 10% M.oleifera seeds powder recorded the lowest kidney weight while the higher value recorded for Cidophage with a significant difference (P≤0.05). The mean values were 1.990 and 5.450g, respectively.
6. In case of heart weight, the negative control group recorded the lowist value when compared with positive control group with a significant difference (P≤0.05). The mean values were 0.63 and 0.77g, respectively.
7. group fed on 5% M.oleifera and group fed on 5% Celery, both of them recorded the highest heart weight while the lowest value recorded for Cidophage with a significant difference (P≤0.05).
8. In case of spleen weight of positive control group recorded the higher value when compared with negative control group with a significant difference (P≤0.05).The mean values were 0.94 and 0.51g, respectively.
9. While, group fed on 5% M.oleifera and 5% Celery recorded the highest spleen weight while the lowest value recorded for Cidophage with a significant difference (P≤0.05). The mean values were (0.86, 0.84) and 0.65g, respectively.
10. lungs weight of positive control group recorded the higher value when compared with negative control group with a significant difference (P≤0.05).The mean values were 1.67 and 1.11g, respectively.
11. The highest treated group (diabetes groups) in lungs weight value recorded for 5% M.oleifera. The mean values was1.55g.