الفهرس 
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of salmonellae isolated from chickens with special reference to antibiotic resistance genes
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Abstract
In the present study, 300 samples (liver, spleen, heart and caecum) from freshly dead broilers and 225 cloacal swabs from healthy live layers were collected to investigate the prevalence of salmonella serovars. The isolation of Salmonella from broilers revealed 33 isolates (11%) positive samples and 4 isolates (1.77%) positive samples from layers. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing against 16 antibiotic agents revealed that all of isolates (100%) were sensitive to amikacin, cefepime and imipenem followed by (97.3%) gentamicin, (94.6%) aztreonam and (86.5%) ciprofloxacin. While, (97.3%) of isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid followed by (94.6%) resistant to ampicillin, (83.8%) to tetracycline and (70.3%) to sulphamethoxazole / trimethoprim. Serological survey using ELISA was done on 225 serum samples from the same layer birds to detect carriers. The results revealed that 87 (38.66%) positive samples for salmonella serogroup (B), 93 (41.33%) positive samples for salmonella serogroup (D) and 68 positive samples (30.22 %) for both serogroups (B), (D). Molecular characterization of some ESBLs genes (blaTEM, blaCTX and blaSHV) using PCR showed that 9 isolates were positive for blaTEM gene and 5 were positive for blaCTX. All isolates were negative for blaSHV gene