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Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) contributes to significant morbidity and mortality in a relatively young population in countries with high prevelance of rheumatic heart disease. (1) Study atrial fibrosis in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease; amount, distribution and relation to AF. (2) Assess the success of ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease. The study population comprised two parallel groups of patients. The study groups were: group A. Patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease and sinus ryhtm. group B. Patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease and AF. All patients subjected to clinical examination, echocardiography and late gadolinium enhancement cardiac MRI. The amount of atrial fibrosis was more in patients with atrial fibrillation than those in sinus ryhtm (all patients in AF had atrial fibrosis while one third of patients in sinus rhythm had atrial fibrosis) with the posterior wall of the left atrium is the most frequently affected site