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Abstract
Twenty seven apparently healthy mongrel dogs (2 - 5 years old) with an average weight (20Kg) were divided into three groups (n = 9). group A; control group in which no implant was used to fill the bone defect in the transected femur of the operated limb. group B; in which chitosan without MSCs was used as a bone scaffold to fill the bone defect in the transected femur. group C; in which chitosan with MSCs was used to fill the bone defect of the transected femur. Each group was subdivided into three sub-groups (n = 3) according to the time of postoperative observation (1{u00BD} m, 3m and 6m). The dogs were checked clinically and radiologically till the end of the study designed for each one. After euthanasia, the femurs of the operated limb were examined histologically. The results showed that, using chitosan as a bone scaffold seeded with MSCs enhanced the process of bone healing than using of chitosan alone