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Abstract
Background: Viruses are the most important causative agents of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRI), ranked as the second leading cause of death and the primary cause of hospitalisation in children. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are among the commonest viral causes of severe ALRTI. Aim: To study the burden of both RSV and hMPV in causing severe ALRI in children less than 2years admitted to PICU at a tertiary care hospital. Setting and Design: Five months prospective observational study in a pediatric hospital of Cairo University. Material and Methods: Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from children admitted into PICU with diagnosis of community-acquired ALRI who were aged 0-2 years. Samples were transported to the laboratory at (-80{u00B0}C) in viral transport media and processed for detection of RSV and hMPV using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)