الفهرس 
Prevalence of oral mucosal alterations in a sample of Egyptian patients with cardiovascular diseases : A hospital based cross-sectional study
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Abstract
Aim: The aim of the current study was to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal alterations in
cardiovascular patients TREATED FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASDES and to investigate
the presence of a possible relation between different cardiovascular diseases, drugs and oral
manifestations.
Methodology: Three hundred and thirty-eight adult patients had diagnosed with cardiovascular
diseases at Kasr Al-Einy Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, were exanimated for oral
signs and symptoms as oral dryness, dysphagia and burning sensation. The patients were also
clinically examined to report any oral lesions in oral mucosa such as lichenoid reactions,
xerostomia, and gingival enlargements.
Results: Oral manifestations were recorded in 253 (74.8%) patients as adverse effect to
cardiovascular drugs. The most common manifestation was gingival overgrowth (50.3%),followed
by xerostomia (40%), burning sensation (21%) ,dysphagia (10.65%), and lichenoid reaction
(1.47%). The drugs found to most commonly cause xerostomia were combination of NGDs +
antiplatelet, congestive heart failure drugs, beta blocker and BBDs +diuretics, while the most common to cause burning sensation were CCBs+ antiplatelet and Congestive heart failure drugs.
The most known cause of gingival over growth was calcium channel blocker drugs.Conclusions: Patients who are being treated for a cardiovascular illness will almost always
experience an adverse oral event such as xerostomia, burning sensation or gingival overgrowth.
Concomitant symptomatic oral care should be provided to these patients to better their quality of
life.