الفهرس 
AcknowledgmentOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 107 |  |  |
| | | from | 107 | | |
Abstract
Speech of VPI Patients characterized by atypical consonant productions, abnormal nasal resonance, abnormal nasal airflow, compensatory articulatory mechanism and facial grimace. Children with repaired cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) may also experience poor speech intelligibility. Children with nonsyndromic clefts had lower IQs and lower scholastic achievement than that of the general population which also affect their speech intelligibility. This study was carried out in Phoniatric Unit, ENT Department, Assiut University Hospital during the period from April 2019 to April 2020. Fifty Egyptian patients with velopharyngeal incompetence either repaired/ unrepaired cleft lip or cleft palate or both and with secondary insufficiency due to any cause were selected to participate in this study aged from 4-23 years.