الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
DM hyperglycemia affects eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels over time. Around 30% of hospitalized and 20-30% of communitybased diabetics suffer neuropathy. Long-term diabetes type 2 can cause microvascular complications such as nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy, and also cardiovascular, peripheral, and cerebrovascular macrovascular complications. Small nerve fibers may develop symptoms earlier in diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy first presents with stock and glove sensory loss, but over time can lead to mental and physical implications and even death. Neurological symptoms and nerve conduction studies could identify and grade diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Lower limb sensory nerve conduction may identify diabetic peripheral neuropathy early, but it has been proposed that retinal neurodegeneration may precede microvascular damage in diabetics. Certain inflammatory markers could also predict early pathological changes in diabetics.