الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION AND THE AIM OF WORKOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Whey protein supplements consumption is growing by the public that are physically active, who go to the gym more frequently than their not so active peers, in hopes they reach their Recommended daily allowances of protein 1.4-1.8 g /kg/day, which might be more difficult to attain from food alone. This growth in consumption and use might represent a problem in concern with the whey protein supplements authenticity with its labeling, its quality/ contamination with heavy metals.
The aim of this study was to analyze different brands of whey protein supplements to test whether they adhere to and conform with their food labeling or not, to evaluate the content of the whey protein supplements & to analyze the different brands of whey protein for its mineral and heavy metal content (Potassium, sodium, calcium and cadmium, lead, aluminum & arsenic respectively). A cross sectional study was conducted on a total of 24 whey protein samples: 6 brands from local stores like Fathallah, then max muscle, golds gym elite and from an online store (5 international and 1 local), 4 replicas each. Samples were analyzed and tested for their proximate analysis: protein content using kjeldahl method, fat content using Folsch extraction method, moisture content using oven-drying method, ash content using dry ashing method and carbohydrate content using an equation. Samples were also analyzed and tested for the presence of mineral and heavy metal content (Potassium, sodium, calcium and cadmium, lead, aluminum & arsenic respectively) using ICP-OES.
The study revealed the following results:
1. Proximate analysis Results showed that Brand VI had the most protein content percent change of – 18.65% followed by Brand V -15.47, when compared to their label.
2. Brand II showed the highest carbohydrate percent change of +867.52, followed by Brand III & Brand V; +327.63, +234.26 when compared to their label respectively.
3. Brand V showed the highest fat percent change of -83.12, followed by Brand IV -65.83, while the least was Brand VI -32.12 when compared to their label.
4. Brand V had the highest potassium concentrations of 8847.68 ppm.
5. Brand III showed the highest sodium concentrations of 11584.04 ppm.
6. While brand VI showed the highest concentrations of calcium having 32448.45 ppm.
7. Results showed that Brands I, IV, V, and VI were free from Pb.
8. Arsenic concentration showed the highest in brand III (8.69ppm).
9. Cadmium concentration was the highest in brand III (1.3 ppm), followed by 0.58 ppm & 0.6 ppm and in brand II, & VI; respectively.
10. Aluminum concentration was the highest in Brand VI.
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
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from the previous results we concluded that:
Over the past few years, the use of supplements by users of gyms to improve exercise efficiency has increased. Physicians and personal trainers’ debate about the advantages of dietary supplements. Since whey protein is not guaranteed to provide the public with the claimed percentages that the various brands claimed it contained, the Consumption of whey protein supplements also comes with risking heavy metal contamination, the higher the supplementation dose (acute), the higher the contamination and the risks. It is advised that the public try to get their daily protein needs from food rather than consuming whey protein.
Based on the results and conclusions of the present study, it is recommended that:
1. Regulations to be created for whey protein supplement supervision, to ensure the supplements authenticity before being marketed and sold to the public.
2. Campaigns should be orchestrated to raise the public’s awareness of the adverse health effects that could be accompanied by consuming dietary supplements for a long period of time.
3. Additional studies are needed to continue the investigation on assessing risk of heavy metal ingestion, and their toxic limit/range.
4. Additional studies are needed to continue the investigation on more brands than what has been studied.