الفهرس 
Chronic Kidney Diseases in Children: from Causes to PrognosisOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Besides poor socioeconomic conditions, chronic inflammation and nutritional imbalance are important comorbid conditions that correlate with poor clinical outcomes in children with CKD. Therefore, adequate dietary interventions and provision of sufficient energy has been suggested to be an important factor in preventing growth retardation and malnutrition in children with CKD. Appropriate dietary assessment and early nutritional counselling is also a key component in the overall management of children with CKD.
Consequently, this study was carried out to assess plasma FGF23 and iron status in children with CKD stages 1-4, and to study the relationship between FGF23 plasma concentrations in children with CKD stages 1-4 and their growth parameters, iron profile (serum iron, serum total iron binding capacity), serum creatinine and phosphate levels, and estimated glomerular filtration rate; and also to assess the nutritional status and compare the mean intake of different food groups among children with CKD with their recommended dietary allowance (RDA).
To fulfill the aim of this study, a total of 89 children aged 2-8 years, diagnosed with CKD stages 1-4 and recruited from the Pediatric Nephrology Unit Clinics at Ain Shams University from January to December 2022, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study and divided into two groups; group A including mild to moderate CKD (grades 1, 2 and 3a) and group B including advanced CKD (grades 3b and 4).
They were all subjected to complete history taking and clinical assessment with special emphasis on present history and examination of CKD; anthropometric evaluation; and laboratory studies of their complete blood picture, iron profile, kidney functions, eGFR and plasma C-terminal FGF23. Nutritional assessment was also performed to obtain both qualitative and quantitative information about the different items of food consumed by every child by 24-hours dietary recall method.
To the best of our knowledge, there is a paucity of studies in literature assessing our study outcomes and most of studies that disagreed with our results were due to several causes as different study methodology, outcomes, sample size and different medical conditions of studied cases at time of enrollment.