الفهرس 
Aim of study.Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of saw palmetto and it is water extract on the fertility and immunity using male albino rats.
Materials and methods: Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) seeds was obtained from herbalist in the month of May 2022 from Cairo, Egypt.
Cadmium Chloride Hydrate powder was obtained from ElGomhoria Company, Cairo, Egypt.
The experimental was done in the Faculty of Medicine Ain shams Research Institute. A total of 36 adult normal male albino rats Sprague Dawley strain weighing 140±10 g (about 6 weeks old) and fed for one week on basal diet prior to start feeding on experimental diet for acclimatization rats are divided into 2 Basic groups: Thirty-six adult male albino rats, weighing 140± 10g were divided into six groups each with six rats. One of them was Negative Control Group, which fed on standard diet and tab water, injected by cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 0.1%) at 0.1ml/100g body weight and used as a positive control group (fed on basal diet only). This group was further divided into the following subgroups: group 2: positive control group (untreated group). group 3: Treated with 3% saw palmetto powder. group 4: Treated with 5% saw palmetto powder. group 5: Treated with 3% saw palmetto water extract. group 6: Treated with 5% saw palmetto water extract.
At the end of experimental (28 days), the blood samples were collected after 12 hours fasting and serum was separated for determination of: follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone hormone, IgG, IgM, IgA, Serum glucose, lipid profile serum (total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDLc), low density lipoprotein (LDLc), very low density lipoprotein (VLDLc), atherogenic index(AI), Liver function (Aspartate amino transferase (AST), Alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphates (ALP), kidney function (urea, creatinine, uric acid), and complete blood picture (hemoglobin (HGB), platelets (PLT), red blood cell count (RBC) and white blood cell count (WBC). At the same time, the organs: Testis and liver were removed, washed in saline solution, dried by filter paper, weighted, and stored frozen in formalin solution 10% for histopathological examinations.
Statistical analysis: The data were statistically analyzed using a computerized costate program by one-way ANOVA. The results are presented as mean± SD. Difference between treatments at (p≤0.05) were considered significant.
The obtained results can be summarized as following: 1) Due to Injected with cadmium chloride, rats FI, BWG and FER were decreased. 2) Feeding on basal diet contained Saw palmetto powder and water extract increased FI, BWG and FER. 3) Inflicting with cadmium chloride increased the internal organ weight while the revers on feeding with (3% & 5% Saw palmetto powder and water extract) were decreased. 4) Cadmium chloride injection reduced the sexual hormones testosterone and FSH but increased LH. When feeding with (3%,
5% Saw palmetto and water extract) increased these hormones while LH decreased. 5) Cadmium chloride injection reduced the Immunoglobulins serum IgM, and IgA but increased IgG When feeding with (3%, 5% Saw palmetto and water extract) increased Immunoglobulins serum IgM, and IgA while IgG decreased. 6) Inflicting with cadmium chloride rat’s serum glucose level was raised, but when feeding on basal diet contained saw palmetto powder and water extract decreased serum glucose level. The best treatment was recorded with 5% water extract of saw palmetto 7) Cadmium chloride injection increased TC, TG, LDL and VLDL, but resulted in the decreased the serum HDL. 8) Rats fed on water extract of saw palmetto 5%. showed the best treatment for lowering TC. 9) The best serum (TG) was recorded for 5% water extract of saw palmetto (group 6) 10) The better serum (HDL-C) was noticed for 5% water extract of saw palmetto (group 6) 11) Rats fed on for infertility rats fed on 5% water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). recorded the best treatment for lowing serum (LDL-C). 12) Subfertility rats fed on 5% water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). recorded the best treatment for serum (VLDL-C). 13) Subfertility raised the activities of serum GOT, GPT and ALP. When feeding on saw palmetto powder and it is water extract reduced these levels. 14) The better group to improve the level of GOT enzyme was observed for 5% water extract of saw palmetto (group 6).
15) The best treatment of serum GPT enzyme was observed for 5% water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). 16) Rats fed on basal diet contained on 5% water extract of saw palmetto indicated the best treatment for serum ALP level. 17) The better serum (AI) was noticed fed on 5% water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). 18) Cadmium chloride injection caused the raised of serum urea, creatinine and uric acid. When feeding on 5% water extract of saw palmetto reduced these levels. 19) Maximum improvement of serum urea was recorded for 5%water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). 20) The best treatment of serum creatinine was observed for 5%water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). 21) Subfertility rats fed on Basel diet contained on 5% water extract of saw palmetto showed the better treatment of serum uric acid. 22) Cadmium chloride injection caused the reduced of hemoglobin (HGB), platelets (PLT), red blood cell count (RBC) and white blood cell count (WBC). When feeding on 5% water extract of saw palmetto increased these levels. 23) The best treatment of hemoglobin (HGB) was observed for 5%water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). 24) The best treatment of platelets (PLT) was observed for 5%water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). 25) The best treatment of red blood cell count (RBC) was observed for 5%water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). 26) The best treatment of white blood cell count (WBC) was observed for 5%water extract of saw palmetto (group 6). 27) Histopathological investigation of testis and liver of all rats intoxicated with cadmium chloride then fed Saw palmetto showed
an improvement of structure changed by subfertility as compared with control (+) group.