الفهرس 
المقدمةيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
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المستخلص
The Arctic region has returned strongly to the forefront of global attention after witnessing two events that did not pass without a strategic impact. The first was produced by political geography after climate change and the melting of ice, and the second was produced by geostrategic perceptions and was embodied in Russia’s raising of the Russian flag at the bottom of the Arctic Ocean in 2007, which sparked This caused concern among countries that believed they had a right to parts of the region, and ignited an accelerating competition between Russia and other Arctic countries, especially the United States of America. These two events coincided with what scientific discoveries showed that the Arctic region contains a quarter of the world’s wealth and undiscovered reserves of oil and gas, and large reserves of diamonds, gold, platinum, tin, manganese, nickel and lead, according to reports by the US Geological Survey, as well as geographical surveys carried out by the Russian Ministry of Natural Resources. With the continued melting of ice, the Northern route has gained increasing importance with the emergence of the possibility of using it as an alternative shipping route between Asia and Europe, instead of the traditional route that passes through the Suez Canal in Egypt, as the new route provides a major strategic advantage, which is reducing shipping time by 40%. Compared to the traditional road, this means saving hundreds of thousands of dollars in fuel costs. The study analyzes the repercussions of military activities and international interactions and their impact on Russian-American competition in the region and presents future scenarios for American-Russian military activities in the Arctic region in light of climate change.
Keywords:
The Arctic - climate change - natural resources - military activities - Russia .- United States of America