الفهرس 
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Abstract
Menopause refers to permanent cessation of menstruation results from the loss of ovarian function and therefore represents the end of a woman’s reproductive life causing menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, sweating and depression to anxiety that leads to difficulty sleeping, depression leading to abnormal sleep and early morning awakenings.
Back massage has good effect for improving sleep pattern and increases blood flow to the skin and muscles. It reduces stress, increasing relaxation, reducing pain and muscle soreness and tension, Improving circulation, energy and alertness and improving heart rate and blood pressure.
Aim of study:-
Evaluate effect of back message on sleep Pattern among menopausal women.
Study hypothesis:-
Menopausal women who received back massage had shown significant improvement in their sleep pattern than those who didn’t attended.
Study design: Quasi- experimental study was utilized to fulfill the aim of the study. Study Setting:-This study was conducted at obstetric and gynecological outpatient clinic affiliated to the Benha university hospital. Sample Type: A purposive sample was selected and consisted of (120) menopausal women for a period of six months who attended outpatient clinics affiliated to the Benha University Hospital at the time of data collection and following the inclusion criteria:
Women who have nature menopause, Read and write, age range between 45-60 years old, agree to participate in the study and free from any medical or psychological problem.
Two tools were used for data collection as following:
Tool (I): Interviewing questionnaire sheet it was designed by the researcher after reviewing related literature (Filosa et al., 2020). It was written in simple Arabic language and divided into two parts:
Part (A): Socio-demographic data of women.
Part (B): Women’s knowledge about menopause, sleep pattern and back massage
Tool (II): Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI):
It was adopted from (Manková., 2021). PSQI is an effective instrument used to measure the quality and patterns of sleep it consists of 19 self-rated items and seven clinically derived domains of sleep difficulties in the past month, it contains six domains as: (Subjective sleep quality sleeps latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, and daytime dysfunction) Each of these domains is weighted equally on a 0-3.
The current study revealed that,
o There was statistically significant difference between studied women regarding knowledge of menopause, sleep pattern and back massage pre and post intervention.
o There was significant improvement in sleep quality among studied sample post intervention than pre-intervention in all items of sleep quality.
o There was a positive highly satisfaction between women type of family as well as type of back massage and sleep quality.
o There was highly statistically significance relation between total sleep quality and type of family, practice exercise.
Conclusion
Based on the results of the current study, the study concluded that back massage had positive effect on menopausal women as promoting sleep pattern. Menopausal women who applied back massage would be more satisfied post intervention than pre intervention. Applying back massage would improve quality of sleep pattern among menopausal women post intervention than pre intervention. Therefore, the study hypothesis was supported and aim of the study was achieved.
The study recommended the following:
Developing periodic awareness program for menopausal women to enhance their knowledge regarding effect of back massage on promoting sleep pattern.
Designing and implementing instructional guidelines and instructional guideline regarding benefits of back massage on promoting sleep pattern among menopausal women.
Recommendations for further studies:
Replication of the present study on larger sample size in different setting.
Integrate the present study intervention into the under responsibility student nurse at faculty of nursing benha university.