الفهرس 
Introduction and Literature ReviewOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A wide variety of conditions can lead to ocular inflammation of the eye may occur as a result of trauma, surgery or infection. Local use of anti-inflammatory medications can decrease inflammation with least systemic adverse effects. Currently, 2 drug groups are available to control ocular inflammation.
steroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Steroids are potent anti-inflammatory agents that work by acting on a number of intercellular inflammatory mediators, and NSAIDs work by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzymes. Topical NSAIDs are superior at reducing inflammation after cataract surgery.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of anti-inflammatory drugs that are used in ophthalmologic surgery. These classes of drugs do not have a steroid structure, but can inhibit surgery- induced miosis, anterior chamber inflammation, and (CME) cystoid macular edema.
After cell membrane injury, phospholipase A2 releases membrane phospholipid and hydrolyzes it, producing arachidonic acid Cyclooxygenase (COX), the rate-limiting enzyme that controls the first two steps in the production of prostaglandin from arachidonic acid, plays a significant role in inflammatory reactions in the tissue.
The aim of the present work is to determine the efficacy of commercially available ophthalmic/topical NSAIDs used in a variety of ophthalmic conditions. The study also tested the safety of these drugs when they used for long time after the time detected by the physician.
Forty-eight healthy mature chinchilla rabbit of both sexes weighing 2 - 2.5 kg were randomly selected from the animal house at the Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Giza, Egypt. All animals were housed two to three rabbits per cage in a central temperature of 22 - 25C and fed on a laboratory balanced diet. Use of animals in the present study was in agreement with the ARVO statement for the Use of Animals in Ophthalmic and Vision Research, and also approved by the Research Institute of Ophthalmology ethical committee (RIO—ethical committee).
Eight rabbits (16 eyes) were used as control group. The remaining twenty-four rabbits were subjected to ocular inflammation by turpentine oil
Inflammation factor: the eye inflammation was induced by using turpentine volatile oil. As described by
then classified into four groups as follows:
group I: Contain ten rabbits treated twice daily with Diclofenac sodium eye drops (0.1 mg). The rabbits were classified into two subgroups (five rabbits and ten eyes each). One subgroup was decapitated after five days (direct group I). The other subgroup continues to use eye drops for another five days (indirect group I).
group II: Contain ten rabbits treated twice daily with Flurbiprofen sodium eye drops (0.03%). As the first group, the rabbits were classified into two subgroups (five rabbits and ten eyes each). One subgroup was decapitated after five days (direct group II). The other subgroup continues to use eye drops for another five days (indirect group II).
group III: Contain ten rabbits treated twice daily with Ketorolac tromethamine eye drops (0.5%). The rabbits were classified into two subgroups (five rabbits and ten eyes each). One subgroup was decapitated after five days (direct group III). The other subgroup continues to use eye drops for another five days (indirect group III).
group IV: Contain ten rabbits treated twice daily with Nepafenac (0.1%) then classified, as the previous groups, into two subgroups. One subgroup decapitated after five days (direct group IV) and the other subgroup continues to use eye drops for another five days (indirect group IV).
The obtained results indicated significant variation after treatment by the different types of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops.
At current study when mearing the total protein content show that the total protein contents of the corneal tissue showing changes and different between the control groups and the different groups of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops their contents of proteins.
When the examined the corneal tissue to measure the molecular weight appear significant change special at the groups of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory eye drops that confirmed the results indicated by other techniques.
The corneal tissues were prepared to be examined by light microscope give a significant changed of cell morphology and shape of the different layer of corneal tissue
FTIR spectroscopy is an excellent technique for the investigation of biological structures due to its sensitivity and ability to give valuable information about the functional groups, which might have diagnostic value for biological system.
The NH-OH region of FTIR showing signification Changes that indicted the changes of proteins of corneal tissue