الفهرس 
Introduction
Chapter 1: chronic kidney diseaseOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
CKD-MBD significantly contributes to an increased risk of mortality and morbidity and a diminished quality of life.
As renal function deteriorates, mineral homeostasis progressively deteriorates, as evidenced by fluctuations in phosphorus & Ca concentrations in the blood and tissues, and alterations in the levels of hormones such as PTH in circulation. Patients with CKD stages 3a–5D have a 1.5- to 2-fold increased risk of fractures and low BMD compared to the general population and BMD-matched patients without CKD. Regulation of initial bone formation during growth (bone modeling) and bone structure and function during adulthood (bone remodeling) is dependent on these mineral and endocrine functions.
Diagnosis and follow up of CKD MBD can be done by measurement of abnormalities of biochemical markers as serum calcium, phosphorus, PTH level, and serum bone specific alkaline phosphatase which considered as non invasive and available route to demonstrate and primarily diagnose low & high bone turnover in CKD MBD cases.
This is a cross-sectional hospital-based descriptive research performed to study mineral bone disorders, carried out 90 patients in the dialysis unit of El-Minia University Hospital
The main results of the study revealed that:
Our outcomes shown that the percentage of MBD between the examined patients in Minia university hospital haemodialysis unit was 33.3% depending on abnormal PTH levels (23.3% of cases with high PTH level & 10% with low PTH levels).
Most of cases with high PTH level (high bone turnover) had high level of b-ALP and patients with low PTH level has low serum b-ALP level so Bone specific ALP levels are highly predictive of bone histology and predict better (or as good as PTH) the levels the bone turnover
Drinking water, cooking pans and drugs used frequently by hemodialysis patients may have a role of MBD so it should be considered .