الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Simvastatin (SMV) is a lipophilic statin used for treatment of hypercholesterolemia by targeting and inhibiting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), a highly regulated rate-limiting enzyme,. Numerous studies proved that it exhibits anticancer properties, in vitro and in vivo, in a number of malignancies such as lung, breast, colon, and prostate cancers by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Multiple studies indicated that the usage of simvastatin associated with lowered cancer risk, lower cancer grade and stage at diagnosis, and lower recurrence and/or cancer-specific mortality.
Recently, the application of nanotechnology leads to significant advancements compared to traditional techniques. It provides an ideal platform for combination therapy, which aids in overcoming drug resistance.
Carbon nanosheets (CNSHs) have been widely used in biomedical sectors due to their small structure and amazing physicochemical features. The high demand for carbon nanomaterials, particularly CNSHs, and producing them on a large scale have become a problem in terms of sustainability, eco-friendliness, and economic feasibility. This work produced CNSHs from orange peel to overcome this problem.
A Box-Behnken experimental design was employed to prepare microcapsules of Simvastatin loaded carbon nanosheets (SMV-CNSHs-MCs) by Extrusion/External gelation technique. A three-factors, three levels design within 15 runs was suitable for this research. The independent variables were the sodium alginate concentration (NaA conc.), polymer to drug ratio (P: D) and CaCl2 molarity. The influence of these formulation factors was evaluated for microencapsulation efficiency and the cumulative drug release from the microcapsules.