الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
For vanadium speciation and determination, a selective, precise, and accurate CPE-BE technique is used with ICP-OES. In the CPE phase, a hydrazone derivative was utilised as a chelating reagent and Txt-114 as an extractant. Surfactant-rich phase is subjected to back-extraction step and the analyte (V5+) is then transferred into aqueous phase of HNO3. Total inorganic vanadium (V4+ and V5+) is determined by the same manner after oxidation of V4+. The interferences from the concomitant ions as well as the deteriorating effect of the organic matrix were eliminated prior to the analysis by ICP-OES. In comparison to other published studies for determining V by ICP-OES, the method has a lower LOD and a larger analytical range. The approach is appropriate for vanadium speciation in water samples as well as total inorganic vanadium detection in food samples using ICP-OES.The study also presented an accurate and simple preconcentration procedure based on CPE for Co2+, Ni2+ and Cu2+. The employed Thiosemicarbazide ligand was used for the first time as a complexing agent in CPE. The improved technique has good analytical properties such as linearity, LOD, and enrichment factor. The technique is selective, and no substantial influence from contemporaneous species was identified. We used the provided CPE approach to preconcentrate Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+ before FAAS detection in water, blood, and urine samples.