الفهرس 
Introduction and BackgroundOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetic nephropathy is a major disorder of diabetes mellitus which ends up in chronic renal failure. The diagnosis of CKD generally involves the use of a cystatin C-based or a creatinine-based glomerular filtration rate estimating equation. Under certain pathological statuses where the glomerular filtration pores shrink or glomerular filtration membrane thickens, the filtration of low-molecular-weight proteins (like cystatin c) could be selectively impaired while filtration of small molecules (like creatinine) are almost unchanged. This phenomenon termed as “shrunken pore syndrome (SPS)”, which is defined by cystatin C-based estimation of eGFRcys being less than 60% of creatinine-based estimation of eGFRcr. This may lead to retention of other low-molecular weight markers, such as interleukin-6 and a variety of other proteins. These retained mediators are thought to lead to increased overall and disease-specific morbidity and mortality.
There is little, if any, information about the SPS that represent an impaired filtration quality in T2DM patients obtained from Egyptian population. Therefore, this study attempted to assess its prevalence among T2DM patients and its possible association with microvascular and macrovascular complications including nephropathy in Egyptian patients with T2DM, with the possibility of an increase of IL-6 as an indicator of the presence of inflammation associated with this syndrome.
The present study is a cross sectional comparative study. It included 120 participants,divided into a control group, of 54 healthy individuals and the study group of 66 T2DM patients matched for age and gender. Mean BMI in T2DM patients was high with >50% obese.