الفهرس 
Abriviations
Production conceptOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 247 |  |  |
| | | from | 247 | | |
Abstract
Nowadays, economy is the basic objective of this century. Industrial engineers have traditionally been concerned with the design of munufacturing plants, methods improvementes, work measurments, cost control and so like. Such procedures aim towards reduction of the cost of unit product.
As compectition necessitates an unremitting effort to drive costs down, the procedures controling and reducing producation costs are very essential to successful and profitable operation of manufacturing concerns.
Thus, planning when based on good sceintific study helps to a great extent in realization and reaching of this objective, that is, the cost reduction through minimizing the defective precent of produced parts.
In many manufacturing processes it is impossible to forcast just low many article will be scapped as the work proceeds through the various departments. If no margin has been allowed or insufficient material issued, the shortage can be expected when the goods reach the warehouse, or dispatch pay.
Assuming that the usual allowances has been provided for the manufacturing scrap, then with great care, or aslice of luck, more than the required number will be available for delivery, thus in both circumstances, the manufacturing concern has to suffer aloss if the exact number must be delivered.
On the one side the loss entailed by putting a small additional batch through the shops, on the other, is the loss incurred through having to discard the surplus.