الفهرس 
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Abstract
The main objective of this work is to examine the effect of nonlinear soil behavior on the lateral response of single piles to static loading with a view towards developing simplified and realistic models for representing layered soil effects. A nonlinear, three dimensional elastoplastic finite element technique for laterally loaded pile analyses is proposed in this study. The pile models were assumed to be linearly elastic and the soil is assumed to be an elastoperfectly plastic material with nonassociative characteristics, following the DruckerPrager model. The finite element mesh consists of 8 node, brick elements with mapped mesh. The iterative procedure in the analysis is based on the modified NewtonRaphson<U+2019>s method. The procedures of building the studied models and their analysis were performed using a finite element code ANSYS 6.0. A series of convergence studies were performed to obtain an optimum solutions for the analysis of laterally loaded pile. Guided by the results of this study, the 3D elastoplastic analysis are presented, discussed and introduced in charts and graphic forms.