الفهرس 
Nociceptive ion channelsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Introduction : clinical evidence suggests that surgical trauma may induce prolonged changes in both peripheral and central nervous system, which together amplify post operative pain. Previous studies demonstrated that combined intraarticular bupivacaine and morphine have been reported to reduce pain, the inflammatory response and convalescence after knee arthroscopy. Recently ropivacaine was introduced as a new long acting local anesthetic with physicochemical properties similar to those of bupivacaine. Patient and methods : This study was conducted on 60 adult patients of either sex. Patients were randomly allocated into four equal groups (15 patients each) which are: 1) Control group (C): in which patients received 20ml of 0.9% saline intraarticular. 2) Morphine group (M): in which patients received intraarticular 5 mg morphine diluted in 20 ml 0.9% saline. 3) Ropivacaine morphine group (RM): in which patients received intraarticular 2mg morphine + 75mg of Ropivacaine diluted in 20ml 0.9% saline. 4) Bupivacaine morphine group (BM): in which patients received intraarticular 2mg morphine + 30mg of bupivacaine diluted in 20 ml 0.9% saline . Results: intraarticular combination of ropivacainemorphine after the end of knee arthroscopy was of longer duration of analgesic action & with no side effects compared to bupivacainemorphine and morphine alone and that adding bupivacaine to morphine had more rapid onset but without increased duration of action. Conclusion : from the study , we can concluded that intraarticular combination of ropivacainemorphine is of longer duration of analgesic action with no side effects compared to bupivacainemorphine and morphine alone and that adding bupivacaine to morphine had more rapid onset but without increased duration of action.