الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 289 |  |  |
| | | from | 289 | | |
Abstract
In recent years, a number of environmental synthetic chemicals have been shown to be able to mimic endogenous hormones of particular importance, as those compounds that mimic estrogens and androgens, and their antagonists, because of their central role in reproductive function, but in fact, the evidence showing that such chemicals actually do mimic or antagonize the action of hormones in the intact animals is limited as there is only few laboratory studies revealed that chemicals which mimic hormones at the molecular level (in vitro) also cause reproductive dysfunction (in vivo) at environmentally relevant concentrations. One of these environmental hormone-like substance is bisphenol-A. Bisphenol-A (BPA) is an intermediate compound in the production of polycarbonates and epoxy resins, flame retardants, and other special products, there is a number of final products including adhesive building materials, optical lenses and plastic dental sealants. the present work evaluated the chronic effects of bisphenol-A on histopathological and immunological parameters in Swiss albino mice. Sixty newly weanling male Swiss albino mice (27±1g) were subjected to (2.5g/ kg body weight of bisphenol-A). Mice were fed for 6 weeks (treatment period) followed by two weeks – withdrawal period (n=20/group).The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of exposure to bisphenol-A on ( the performance rate including body weight, body weight gain and organ weights, the immunological parameters including humoral immune response (IgG & IgM),cellular immune response ( phagocytic cell percentage, trypan blue dye exclusion test and The total AP-ase positive cells of adherent macrophages of peritoneal exudates, histopatholoical studies on liver, spleen, kidney and testicles and daily sperm production). Results showed that bisphenol-A significantly decrease body weight, body weight gain and food consumption. Relative weight of liver, kidneys showed significant increase while showed a significant decrease for spleen and non insignificant change for testicles. The total AP-ase positive cells of adherent macrophages decreased highly significant in 4th week and then increase highly significantin 6th week of treatment. Lymphocytes showed significant decrease, macrophages and neutrophils showed significant increase while eosinophils and mast cells showed no change comparing to control group .phagocytic cell percentage showed no change while viability decreased significantly in bisphenol-A treated group. IgM decreased significantly while IgG increased significantly in 6th week interval of treatment. Daily sperm production and its efficiency showed significant decrease comparing to control. The liver tissue showed congested central vein, multinucleated hepatocytes, coagulative necrosis of some hepatic cords. Some degenetated Van Kupfer cells, cloudy swelling, narrowing of blood sinusoids, and active Van Kupfer cells. Also showed vacuolar degeneration and necrosed endothelial cells of the central vein. The spleen tissue showed lymphocytic depletion, multiple focal necrosis and hyalinosis of the tunica media of central arterioles. Kidney showe interstitial hemorrhage, interstitial oedema and epithelial casts in the tubules. Also, coagulative necrosis in some renal tubules were found. The kidney indicated vacuolar degeneration of renal tubules. Testis showed vacuolation of sertoli cells, reduction in the spermatogenic series, reduction in Leiydig cells, Also seminoma was an important symptoms of bisphemnol-A treatment. The withdrawal of bisphenol-A for 2 weeks after 6 weeks exposure resulted in partially and in some parameters complete recovery to the normal values of the studied parameters.