الفهرس 
Anatomical consideration for ocular anesthesiaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of the study: is to review the literature for the safety and efficacy of sub-Tenon’s anaesthesia in intraocular surgeries. Material & Method : Standard technique of sub-Tenon’s anaesthesia which almost use is, following the administration of topical anaesthetic, a small incision is made in both the conjunctiva and Tenon’s capsule usually in the inferonasal quadrant about 3-5 mm from the limbus. A blunt, curved metal posterior sub-Tenon cannula, (19 gauge, 25 mm long, curved, a flat profile with end hole) that is securely mounted onto a 5 ml syringe, which contains the local anesthetic solution, is inserted through the hole along the curvature of the sclera. There are varieties of the technique (space of injection, varieties of the cannulae, type and volume of anesthetics). Many studies use an anaesthetic mixture compromising of lidocaine and bupivacaine in equal volumes to a total of 4 ml. Results: Anesthesia following sub-Tenon’s block is good and immediate but akinesia is variable, delayed and may not be complete. Anesthesia following sub-Tenon’s block is greater in comparison to the other types of block, because STA blocks all three branches of ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve. Retrobulbar anesthesia blocks nasociliary nerve so it is an excellent intraocular and corneal anesthesia (misses bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva). Topical anesthesia blocks surface sensation (misses intraocular sensation). Conclusion : Sub-Tenon’s local anesthesia (STLA) is a popular, simple, safe and effective technique for ocular surgery, providing excellent anesthesia and akinesia of the eye.The technique can be proposed as a good alternative to peribulbar or retrobulbar anesthesia in cataract extraction, glaucoma filteration surgery, strabismus surgery and vitreoretinal surgery.