الفهرس 
Introduction
Aim of workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare between 2 types of long acting anesthetics: bupivacaine 0.5% and ropivacaine 0.75%, in terms of their duration of anesthesia, duration of analgesia and their effect in controlling postoperative pain after surgical removal of impacted lower third molars.
Patients only included were those with no medical problems, Exclusion criteria included those with known hypersensitivity to amide types of local anaesthetics, history of substance abuse, chronic opioid intake and pregnant or lactating females. Patients using analgesics were instructed to stop it on the night before surgery.
Subjects were randomly assigned prior to surgery into 2 nerve block injections; the first group (group A) for an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using bupivacaine and the second group (group B) for an IANB using ropivacaine.
In each group, the patient’s age, sex, type of impaction (vertical, mesioangular, distoangular, horizontal), severity of impaction (partial soft tissue impaction, complete soft tissue impaction, partial bony impaction, complete bony impaction) were recorded.
Each subject received 2 cartridges of either ropivacaine or bupivacaine to block the inferior alveolar and lingual nerves before surgical removal of the lower wisdom. Time from the start of surgery till removal of impacted molar was taken as duration of surgery. Patients were instructed not to take any analgesics until numbness of lip and tongue receded.
The time from onset of anaesthesia to when numbness of the lip and tongue receded as assessed by pricking is taken as the duration of anaesthesia. The time from the start of numbness to when the subject first requested a dose of oral analgesic (NSAID) was taken as duration of analgesia.