الفهرس 
Introduction
Definitions of low back painOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A variety of nonsurgical treatment alternatives exists for acute and chronic low back pain.Nonprescription medication is efficacious for mild to moderate pain. NSAIDs, alone or in combination with muscle relaxants, relieve pain and improve overall symptoms of acute low back pain. Exercise therapy has limited value for acute low back pain, but strong evidence supports exercise therapy in the management of chronic low back pain. Moderately strong evidence supports the use of manipulation in acute back pain. Evidence is weak for the use of epidural corticosteroid injections in patients with low back pain, strong for short-term relief of chronic low back pain, and limited for long-term relief of chronic low back pain.