الفهرس 
Introduction
Epidemiology of PHGOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Portal hypertension is a common clinical syndrome, which is hemodynamicaly defined as pathological increase of the portal pressure gradient (the pressure difference between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava) and by the formation of portal–systemic collaterals that shunt part of the portal blood flow to the systemic circulation bypassing the liver It is one of the most frequent serious causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in pediatric population in addition to being a common cause of spleenomegaly in childhood and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with liver disease Portal hypertension can affect the stomach producing, gastric varices, portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) and gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG) is recognized as a distinct entity characterized by mucosal hyperemia and dilated submucosal vessels in the stomach caused by chronic portal hypertension. It has important clinical implications because it is a cause of both acute and chronic upper gastrointestinal bleeding even in the absence of esophageal or gastric varices PHG is considered the second most important cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in PHT. The reported prevalence of severe PHG ranges from 9% to 46% and mild PHG from 29% to 57%. The overall prevalence of PHG varies from 51% to 98% . The development of PHG correlates with the duration and severity of liver disease, presence and size of gastroesophageal varices, and previous variceal eradication by endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy or banding