الفهرس 
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Abstract
Numerical Basin Modelling is a technique widely applied in Petroleum Exploration, which depends on geophysical, petrophysical, geochemical and other input data. Basin modeling comprises numerical simulation of the sedimentary basin evolution through geologic time. Based on physical and chemical reactions, generation, migration, accumulation and loss of oil and gas in a petroleum system are calculated through geologic time. Application of this technique has mainly been performed on a basin level and rarely on a reservoir level. Accordingly, detailed subdivisions of reservoir rock and source rock intervals have rarely been taken into account. In the study on the Abu Gharadig basin presented here, such an attempt was made by taking detailed well log interpretation into account. The oil of Abu Gharadig Basin is multi-sourced from Cretaceous, Jurassic and possibly Carboniferous rocks. Abu Roash members “E”, “F” and “G” constitute the most organic-rich horizons as good oil source rocks. Bahariya Formation is characterized by mature source rocks for both oil and gas. Oil and gas reservoirs occur in dolomites, dolomitic limestones and sandstones of Cretaceous age. Both structural traps and stratigraphic traps occur, the former being predominant. Basin Modelling was performed with PetroMod software using a multi-1D approach within the framework of a fully integrated dynamic geologic model. This includes thermal, maturation and pressure histories together with multi-carrier petroleum migration. The conceptual model was created by dividing the penetrated preserved stratigraphic sequence into uninterrupted time series based on petrophysical interpretation of the logged sequence and age equivalent formations. Each time-event for the construction of the 1-D model was chosen on the basis of definition of reservoir, hydrocarbon source, seal, overburden, or underburden strata. Results of detailed well log interpretation include evaluation of petroleum saturation of reservoir intervals and of organic-richness in source rock intervals. Geochemical data were used to calibrate the log interpretation in this respect. This enabled basin modeling with extraordinarily high resolution of the stratigraphic sequence, resulting in a detailed petroleum generation and accumulation history. In order to assess uncertainties, the significance of variations of different input parameters was quantified and statistically evaluated. The model is designed to build and simultaneously calibrate forward model parameters in a geologic time scale to improve the match between predictions and observations for the purpose of integrating the multi-phase tectonic history of Abu Gharadig Basin responsible for the development of the basin with a petroleum characterization model to evaluate the petroleum system and hydrocarbon potentialities. Moreover the processes of oil and gas generation, expulsion, and migration are quantified and factors controlling the distribution of the different oil and gas fields are investigated.