الفهرس 
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Carcinoma of the stomach is one of the most prevalent cancer types in the world today. It is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in the world and its incidence has rapidly increased every year .The discovery of many tumor suppressor genes have added a new dimentions to the understanding of human carcinogenesis, p53 gene was the most important gene of this group. In the biology of the cell, the central role of p53 is in controlling the G1-S check point, DNA damage repair and triggering of apoptosis. Alterations of human p53 gene have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of cancers including gastric cancer. In the current study, detailed accounts were given to the determination of p53 expression and DNA content by the use of flow cytometric measurement of the fresh biopsy samples obtained from patients with gastric cancer (n = 26) as well as patients with benign gastric disease (ulcer, gastritis) were taken as a control group (n = 15). In addition, patients and control group were subjected to determination of serum (CEA), (CA19-9) and (AFP). The overall aim was to identify novel prognostic markers in gastric cancer and to test them with the classical prognostic factors in a multivariate model to improve the accuracy of prognosis assessment for patients with gastric cancer. RESULTS: The p53 expression of patients with gastric cancer were significantly higher than those in the control subjects (p< 0.001***), no significant differences were found between p53 expression and different histopathological grades and TNM staging (p<0.05). The levels of CA19-9 in patients with gastric cancer were significantly higher than those in the control (p <0.05), meanwhile no significant difference was noticed in both CEA and AFP serum levels of patients with gastric cancer compared to control subjects (P > 0.05) .There was no evidence of an association between DNA ploidy in patients with gastric cancer and control subjects. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that, the flow cytometric analysis of p53 expression is quick, objective and quantitative method. P53 protein expression may be useful as an indicator of development and progression in gastric cancers, serum CA19-9 may be the most reliable marker for the prediction of patients with gastric cancer.