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Abstract
The present work was conducted in the period from January 2001 to December 2001 to study the patterns of drug resistance among newly diagnosed and retreatment patients who were admitted to Ismailia and Suez Chest hospitals. It comprised 72 patients with sputum smear positive for AFB, whose ages ranged from 13 years old to 66 years old. The study population was divided into two groups; group I involved 36 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and group II involved 36 patients with retreatment pulmonary tuberculosis. All patients were subjected to culture of sputum on (Lowenstein-Jensen medium) and drug susceptibility testing for antituberculosis drug (Isoniazid-Rifampicin-Ethambutol Striptomycin) using the proportion method of Caneti et al. (1969). The study revealed that the resistance to one drug or different drug combinations including multidrug resistance (MDR-TB) was higher in retreatment patients than in newly diagnosed patients, and both groups of patients had higher figures of resistance than in provious studies.