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Abstract
ADHD is a common psychiatric disorder in children and adolescents. It is characterized by inappropriate levels of inattention, overactivity, impulsivity, and appear before age of 7 years. The characteristic symptoms of ADHD have a negative impact on children both socially and academically. It is more common in boys than in girls.
The etiology of ADHD remains uncertain; however, many factors have been implicated in the etiology. The underlying pathophysiology appears to involve genetic factors, imbalance in neurotransmitters, and environmental factors.
This work was designed to study the possible role of zinc, copper, iron, magnesium, and calcium deficiency in the etiology of ADHD.
The current study was carried out at the pediatric neurology out patient clinic, Alexandria University Children’s Hospital, on 20 children with ADHD, and 10 apparently healthy age and sex matched children acting as the control group. Their ages ranged between 4 to 8 years with a mean of 5.9 +_ 1.03 years, 12 males and 8 females.
The studied children was subjected to the following:
1. Thorough history taking with exclusion of any medical problems, gross neurological abnormalities, and mental retardation.
2. Grouping of children with ADHD according to their symptoms using DSM IV criteria, and Conner’s behavior Rating Scale.