الفهرس 
Anatomy, Embryology and histologyOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Biliary atresia is a progressive fibro-inflammatory cholangiopathy that leads to obliteration of the extrahepatic biliary system. The etiology and pathogenesis of liver and bile duct injury in patients with biliary atresia has remained unclear until recent years. Regardless of the etiology of the initial injury, progressive sclerosing of intrahepatic bile ducts and progressive deposition of collagen leading to hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis is continous.Hepatic stellate cells lie within the space of Disse and considered as vitamin A storing cells. During liver injury, HSCs proliferate and undergo activation with transformation to flbrogenic myoflbroblasts, which deposit numerous ECM proteins. Activated hepatic stellate cells, demonstrated by the expression of a-smooth muscle actin.Tran forming growth factor B1 is the most potent flbrogenic factor that secreted by different hepatic cells..It is responsible for the transactivation of the procollagen alphai(l) gene in activated hepatic stellate cells so enhancing the cell to deposite collagen leading to hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis.