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Abstract
I lemorrhoidal disease is currently believed to be due to distal displacement and structural distortion of anal cushiony which are physiologic structures with an important role in defecation and continence. Proposed aetiological factors include constipation, prolonged straining, derangement of the internal anal sphincter, and pregnancy. Haemorrhoids may be caused by more than one factor Despite being examined in several studies, Ihc pathogencsis remains unclear* Because ihc presence of haenwrrhoidaJ tissue is normal, it acts as a compressible lining which allows the anus to close completely,Disease should be rhought of as haemorrhoidal tissue that causes significant symptoms, Unfortunately, haemorrhoids lend io get worse over time, and disease should be treated as seen as it occurs.
Regarding the more common form of internal hemorrhoids, the most frequent symptom is (he passing of bright red blood at stool. Discomfort, pruritus, soiling, pain, and/or protrusion may also be encountered, especially in adv-mccd or complicated cases.
Haemorrhoids can be cither internal or external, and patients may have both types.
The present study was prospective and retrospective and was conducted on 65 c urhotic patients p resenting with haemorrhoids i n the outpatient and inpatient departments of the hcpatobiliary and pancreatic Surgery. The patients selected were of both sexes and above 18 years of ageand had presented with the chief complaint of bleeding per rectum because of Und, lllrd, and IVth degree haemorrhoids and with associated pain, pruritis or anal discharge. The status of the internal haemorrhoids was eon firmed by proctoscopy.