الفهرس 
Biomechanics of the hip jointOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
This research to review the literature for upper femoral osteotomies
from all sides as :-
Its definition : it is an operation used to correct angular or rotation
deformities of the proximal femur
Its rationale : has three objectives :-
1- to change the orientation of the femoral head in the socket so
as to reduce mechanical stress in a damaged segment
2- to improve joint congruity by realigning the proximal femur
3- to reduce intraosseous hypertension by transecting the bone
And study some topics which is related to the osteotomy as :-
- surgical anatomy around the hip joint with blood supply ,
nerve supply and venous drainage of the hip region .
- Biomechanics of the joint. The hip joint usually act as the
fulucrum of lever system , the center of gravity of supported
parts which is usually medial to the hip joint exerts a rotational
effect upon the pelvis. If the pelvic position is to be
maintained this force must be counterbalanced by hip muscles
, the force transmitted by the hip joint is the sum of the
supported body weight and the tension in the balancing
muscles, this force often exceeds the total weight of the body .
- Its indications are varying from children to adults , so in
children osteotomy is indicated in D.D.H, Perthes’ disease ,
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Summary and conclusion
coxa vara , osteogenesis imperfacta and avascul ar n e c ro s is o f
the head of the femur while in adults the osteotomy in
indicated in osteoarthritis of the hip joint , old fracture of the
proximal part of the femur and , avascular necrosis of the head
of the femur, nonunited fracture neck femur and deformed
ankylosed hip .
- Also this research review another topics as :-
Some approaches to the hip as :
Lateral approach which is the most common approach and used in
most types of the osteotomies , its technique and its modifications.
Anterior approach which is used now often in varus derotational
osteotomy , its modifications which is used. In each of them review
its technique and modifications if present.
- After that discussed to types of osteotomies :-
Intertrochanteric varus and valgus osteotomy which is indicated in
some diseases as osteoarthritis of the hip joint in the young age and
contraindicated in the eldery age and exposed to its technique from
the incision to post operative care. Subtrochanteric and medial
displacement osteotomy which is indicated in O.A. Transtrochanteric
rotational osteotomy which is indicated in avascular necrosis of the
head of the femur. Varus derotational osteotomy which is indicated
in Developmental dislocation of the hip.
- Also reviewed types of osteotomies of the neck of the femur
which is used in Slipped capital femoral epiphysis and
avascular necrosis of the head of the femur as cuneiform
osteotomy of the femoral neck , compensatory basilar
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Summary and conclusion
osteotomy of femoral neck and extracapsular ba s e o f n e c k
osteotomy .
- After that reviewed the methods of fixation which include
Campbell screw fixation , Richard intermediate screw and
dynamic hip screw.
- And lastly reviewed the complications of the proximal femoral
osteotomy as over or under correction which is mainly due to
false planning from the start , non union and infection .