الفهرس 
Materials and methodsOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION
The methods of treatment of subfertile male have multiples procedures especially the idiopathic infertile males
, Nowadays, the methods of semen processing gives the subfertile male a good chance to be fertile through the methods of invitro-fertilization. Inspite of the vast steps in this technology the success rate still not satisfactory.
This study aimed to evaluate the different methods of semen processing especially the simple and more suitable methods without the need for high technology to be applied in our centre in Benha Faculty of Medicine for application of —artificial insemination and invitro-fertilization techniques.
These methods included :-
The sperm selection methods:
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nucleotides as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (C.AMP) and cyclic 3.5 guanosine monophosphate c GMP within the sperm cell ( Schoenfeld et al., 1983).
In this technique there was increased capability of fertilization by 31% on application of hypoosmotic swelling test. also there was a significant decrease in the percentage of abnormal forms by about 11 % .This change was due to the effect of washing media and caffeine.
The application of the swim- up technique after caffeine incubation has increased the percentage of total motility by about 79% .So the application of the swim- up technique after incubation with motility stimulant as caffeine and kallikrein and washing increased the percentage of total motility and improved the type of motility .
Although there was a highly significant decrease in the sperm count after swim-up technique it is considered the ideal and simple teehnique with provides sperms very motile and capable for fertilization
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1.Centrifugation technique
2.Washing technique
3.Swim-up technique
4.Kallikrein application technique
5.Caffeine application technique
We applied the centrifugation technique alone in 42 samples and washing technique in 74 samples and the swim-up technique alone in 58 samples. Also,we applied the kallikrein application technique in 143 samples and caffeine application technique in 86 samples.
In all samples we applied the hypo-osmotic swelling test to determine the spermatozoal membrane integrity and to test for the capability of sperm fertilization before and after processing.
In all samples we applied the swim-up technique after processing as the method of selection of the very motile sperms.
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The results of this study were statistically described and analysis of the data was made and comparison of the data was diagramed. In the first method (Centrifugation)
This method was applied in cases of retrograde ejaculation and cases of sperm dilution, the results showed highly significant decrease in the volume of the semen samples and showed a highly significant increase in the count of sperms and there was a slight decrease in the percent of total motility (14 %, 10 %).
Application of a swim-up technique after centrifugation showed a highly significant increase in the percentage of total motility (46 %) and the type of motility was improved.
Application of hypo-osmotic swelling test showed in-significant increase in the percentage of swollen sperm.
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In the second method (Washing technique)
The results in this method showed a slight decrease in the percentage of total motility (6 %,4 %) but the type of motility was shifted to the good forward progression type.
Application of the swim-up technique showed highly -significant increase in the percentage of motility and the type of motility was shifted to the good forward type. In this method there was a significant decrease in the abnormal forms (14 %) and the application of hypo-osmotic swelling test showed a significant increase in the percentage of this test (15 %). In the third method (Swim-up technique)
Our results showed a highly significant decrease in the sperm count (25 % recovery rate) than the original ejaculate but there was a highly significant increase in the percentage of total motility (86 %) and the type of motility was improved greatly.
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In the fourth method (Kallikrein application)
In this method our results showed a moderate increase in the percentage of total motility (22 %, 39 %) and the type of motility was improved also there was a significant decrease in the percentage of the abnormal forms(15 %).
The application of the swim-up technique after incubation of the sperms with kallikrein showed a highly significant increase in the percentage of total motility (58 %) and a high degree of improvement in the type of motility. In the fifth method (Caffeine application)
In this method our results showed a highly significant increase in the percentage of total motility (59 %,62 %) and the type of motility was highly improved. The application of swim-up technique after incubation with caffeine showed a highly significant increase in the percentage of total motility (79 %) and the type of motility was highly improved, also
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there was a highly significant decrease in the abnormal forms (11 %,34 %).
The comparison between the effect of kallikrein and caffeine on the percentage of total motility in oligoathenospermic samples showed that caffeine improved the motility more than the kallikrein also when we compared the results of application of swim-up technique post-processing in the two setting we showed that the percentage of motility was increased in the case of caffeine. So in conclusion the application of motility stimulant as kallikrein and caffeine on the sperms firstly after washing with media followed by the application of the swim-up technique lastly gives the best results for motility and capability for fertilization.
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