الفهرس 
Body compositionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
When the normal homeostatic condition of the body is disturbed as in tissue trauma, disease, infection or surgery the changes. The magnitude of the body response is proportional to the extent of tissue injury. There has been much interest in the possible role of cytokines in mediating many of the responses that can not be attributed to the classical hormones. Interleukin-I & IL-6 are 2 cytokines which are secreted in response to tissue injury. Upper abdominal surgery is followed by several side effects:- pain, pulmonary dysfunction, endocrine & metabolic changes. Laparoscopic cholecystectorny is a relatively new procedure which was introduced in France 1987 and since then it has gained world wide popularity.